Mary Cassatt Art Style: An Overview

Mary Cassatt Art Style: An Overview Cassatt is perhaps best-known for her paintings of mothers and children, works which also reflect a surprisingly modern sensibility. Traditional assumptions concerning childhood, child-rearing, and the place of children in society were facing challenges during the last part of the 19th century and women too were reconsidering and redefining their place in modern culture. Cassatt was sensitive to a more progressive attitude toward women and children and displayed it in her art as well as in her private comments. She recognized the moral strength that women and children derived from their essential and elemental bond, a unity Cassatt would never tire of representing. The many paintings, pastels, and prints in which Cassatt depicted children being bathed, dressed, read to, held, or nursed reflect the most advanced 19th-century ideas about raising children. After 1870, French scientists and physicians encouraged mothers (instead of wet-nurses and nannies) to care for their children and suggested modern approaches to health and personal hygiene, including regular bathing. In the face of several cholera epidemics in the mid-1880s, bathing was encouraged not only as a remedy for body odors but as a preventative measure against disease. Shortly after her triumphs with the Impressionists, Cassatts style evolved, and she moved away from impressionism to a simpler, more straightforward approach. By 1886, she no longer identified herself with any art movement and experimented with a variety of techniques. A series of rigorously drawn, tenderly observed, yet largely unsentimental paintings on the mother and child theme form the basis of her popular work. In 1891, she exhibited a series of highly original colored lithograph prints, including Woman Bathing and The Coiffure, inspired by the Japanese masters shown in Paris the year before. Her decision to become a professional artist must have seemed beyond the pale, given that serious painting was largely the domain of men in the 19th century. Despite the concerns of her parents, Cassatt chose career over marriage Jansons History of Art, Seventh Edition p. 879-880 This text gives us a little insight into the life of Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). She was an American who was born into a wealthy family and raised in Pittsburgh; also influenced by Renaissance art, she approached Impressionism from a womans perspective, mainly as a figure painter. As a female, she was often restricted as far as going places unattended where men could go. Her subject matter was attributed to these restrictions. Many of her themes included women reading, visiting, taking tea, and bathing an infant. The Childs Bath is not only a picture about health, but about intense emotional and physical involvement. Paul case: Cathers understanding of the tacit limits governing the representation of sexuality, and the way they were linked to genre, explains why she chose the mode of indirection in writing her 1905 story of a homosexual teenager, Pauls Case. Recent developments in sexology enabled Cather to characterize Paul as a homosexual without naming his condition. Through background information and physical description, Cathers narrator discreetly invokes degeneracy theory to explain her protagonist, aligning him with the subjects of recent case studies. After experimenting with the persona of the fairy, Paul uses stolen money to transform himself into a cultured, sophisticated queer, but neither persona proves permanently satisfactory. Through its references to Pauls sexuality, the story analyzes one particular product of late-nineteenth-century consumer capitalism: the middle-class, urban gay man. How to write it ? Write your climax first; it will aid you to gauge properly the view-point of your story. The climax is the plot in brief: here is a hint as to plot finding. Take a situation: it may be humorous, pathetic, full of mystery, or dramatic; but it must be striking. Life abounds in many such, and he who goes about with his eyes open can not fail to set aside an ample store. The conclusion should follow closely on the heels of the climax. Its office is to ring down effectively the curtain on the scene. Often it dovetails in the climax so that we can not tell where one begins and the other ends When you conceived your climax, doubtless some one thing stood out in bolder relief than all the rest. It may have been humor, it may have been pathos, it may have been grim tragedy. Whatever it was, it is the point of the tale, the centre of gravity of your story. You wisely gave it a setting in keeping, and in the conclusion let it dwell like a lingering note to be a haunting memory for many a day. It is the essence of your conception, and in the introduction you held it up before your readers eyes as the game to be pursued. This we will call the theme of the composition. The subtle power of the French school lies in the art of innuendo. It is what is left unsaid rather than what is said that causes the greatest thrill. But the inference must be plain: the readers imagination should not be left to construct the tale which you set out to tell. Often a story will be saved from boredom to fascination by the power of suggestion alone. This is particularly true of love scenes, deaths, and the like, such as only a masters hand at description can hope to handle effectively. Rosebud: One of the key cruxes of the film is the question of what exactly Rosebud means. We ask this question even though we know that Welles Co. were in part trying to show that you cannot reduce a mans mysteries to one thing. On the other hand, there is a solution to the problem. It is actually found in Welless next film, The Magnificent Ambersons. Throughout Welless radio career, his most moving shows, such as his adaptation of The Apple Tree, were about loss loss of a bucolic past, of a domestic happiness, of a quiet life. This theme doesnt seem to have anything to do with Welless real life. Its just something he liked, though perhaps based on the loss of his mother at an early age. The Magnificent Ambersons is his most poignant realization of this theme in his work. Rosebud leads up to that film. Rosebud is The Magnificent Ambersons. The small-town values and mothers love that the snow-ball evoke which reminds Kane of his childhood home, and the sled called Rosebud are all explored in much more detail and presented with an additional dollop of aching loss, in Welless second film. Rosebud is not a gimmick. As a narrative device, it is the holy grail of the film, the engine that drives the reporter Thompson to solve the mystery of Kane, and along the way we learn as much about Kane as the characters (and the undermining overvoice of the film itself) can tell us. But when we learn, from our privileged position as viewers of the film, what Rosebud actually is, even as it is being destroyed, we also learn that it is not a hoax, nor is it hokey. As Bernard Herrmanns beautiful music rises in the background, we feel both the unsealing of the envelope and the closing of a life. Its a beautiful moment, one of the most expressive in all cinema. And you know what? In a way, a mans life can be reduced to one thing, if that thing is the rich cluster of images and ideas that Rosebud contains. The gay subtext in Citizen Kane Who wrote Kane? The answer is in the aspect of the film that everyone is afraid to mention, the gay subtext that appears in Kane and in many of Welless other films. Im not talking about his private life, in which, according to Simon Callow, Welles had a knack for attracting the support of older gay men such as Houseman, who were smitten with the youths vivacity. Welles, a heavy drinker, was married three times and, like Marlon Brando and Warren Beatty after him, had ostentatious affairs with many women, among them Dolores Del Rio. None of this seemed to find its way into his films. Women dont figure that heavily in most of Welless films, and rarely does sex truly enter. Love and passion are there, but often presented discreetly. Kane offers up something of a Madonna/whore contrast, while his next film shows dedicated woman in a soap-operaish oleo of unrequited, often even unexpressed, love. Although the aborted Its All True celebrated the passionate life of Latin America, Welles was really interested in the politics of the time. Subsequent films dealt with great men and their political lives. Welles played Othello as if he were really married to Iago. There is the suggested rape of a newlywed in Touch of Evil, and a nymphomaniac in The Trial. Its a shock to see footage from the unfinished The Other Side of the Wind in which actual lust is realized in the back seat of a car. But the combination of sex and women is not what we carry away from many of these films. Male friendship and its betrayals interested Welles, from one film to another, starting with Kane and lasting all the way to The Big Brass Ring, a screenplay credited to Welles but finally filmed by someone else. As in many films with a gay subtext, parts of Kane dont make sense unless you view them from a gay perspective. Why, exactly does Jed Leland feel so betrayed by Kane? It cant just be because Kanes political folly put back the cause of reform 20 years. When Leland, the stooge friend, first learns of the political disgrace, he walks into a bar to drown feelings of what? Leland, who elsewhere says he took ballet lessons with Kanes first wife and was very graceful, has no female companions in the film, and his reaction to Kanes political betrayal far exceeds its actual weight. Theres a love here that dare not speak its name. This gay subtext provides another indication of Welless hand in the Kane screenplay. Welless other great movie, Touch of Evil, has a similar relationship between a powerful man and a stooge, in which the powerful man is the love of the stooges life: Welless Quinlan and Joseph Calleias Pete Menzies; only here, both men betray each other. And the totality of The Trial only makes sense if the film is viewed as really about the persecution of a gay man in a straight society. The gay subtext of Kane only adds to its mysteries and makes it a richer film. Understanding themes:D1 Personal identity is shaped by ones culture, by groups, and by institutional influences. Examination of various forms of human behavior enhances understanding of the relationship between social norms and emerging personal identities, the relationships between social processes that influence identity formation, and the ethical principles underlying individual action.

Organisation Behaviour Essay

Using the concepts that you have read in the book, describe what would be according to your personality the ideal job for you ? (Sessions 1 and 2) With noadays’ global and competitive environment, Organisation Behaviour look further in workforce diversity. It seeks to include different personnalities in an organisation to improve performances and increase organisation values. Personality is about determining a person’s reactions and interactions with others. Though a part of this fact is determined by heredity, it is also a process of change related to psychological growth and personal development. Finding a job that ideally corresponds to my personality is not as easy as it seems.  According to OB experts, a good job fit refers to  « the degree to which a person’s cognitive abilities, interests and personality dynamics fit those required by the job  » (Chuck Russell – Right Person Right Job, Guess or Know). So job fit is not only about matching technical skills, but it is also about matching my inner passion and talent with the job and with the organisation. It has been proven that a good job fit increases performances and attracts talent. On the other hand, a bad job fit can have a negative impact ; that’s why it is critical to success. To find my ideal job, there are many different tools based on personality traits to describe an individual’s behaviour and distinguish differences, but I have chosen two of them to analyse myself : †¢ Firstly, the MYERS-BRIGGS compares four type indicators : Extroverted vs Introverted, Sensing vs Intuitive, Thinking vs Feeling, Judging vs Perceiving. Personally, I think that I used to be an ESFJ person (called the Guardian Provider), but that I changed with time into an ESTJ person. (called the Gardian Supervisor). This change is maybe caused by my personal evolvment. Secondly, OB has also focused on big five factors related to job outcomes : Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional stability, and Openness to experience. To have an outer opinion about my own personality, I have taken a test online (www.personalitytest.org.uk) by answering questions reflecting these five factors. My results were : ââ€" ¦ Extroversion : preference to social situations ââ€" ¦ Agreeableness : tendency to be trusting friendly and cooperative ââ€" ¦ Conscientiousness : methodical, well organized and dutiful ââ€" ¦ Neuroticism : tendency to feel insecurity and emotional distress ââ€" ¦ Openness : interest in creativity, culture and educational experiences After my self discovery through this analysis, and regarding the relationship between personality and performances, I cannot say that there’s a unique ideal job for me. But taking into consideration my personal preferences, I would like to work as a Marketing Brand Manager.. I think this job would fit me like a glove because : †¢ it requires a lot of organisational skills by planning the marketing process, and co-ordinating all the elements related to promotion and sales. †¢ It requires group work management, with open-minded and regular interactions and communication with the employees. †¢ it is also connected to creativity that adds value to the organisation, not only in advertising but in all the marketing process. †¢ It demand an ability to adapt myself to different situations through innovation †¢ It gives me satisfaction to have concrete results of my work that can have an impact on the company’s performance. These elements of the Marketing Brand Manager’s job fits well with my personality because they reflect what I am good at. There is no good or bad personality, because every person is different from the other, and so every person has its place in an organisation. Therefore, finding the best job fit is not only related to what we know, but it is more about what we are today and how we interact.

Business Accounting Essay - 1615 Words

Introduction Financial statements What carries out the accounting and financial forecasting of any type of company is financial statement. As for financial statement, it is a financial report or record compiled usually on a quarterly and annual basis which quantitatively provides the indication of an individual’s, an organization’s, or business’s financial status. There are, according to belief of most experts, generally three financial statements such as: an income statement (Pro Forma Profit and Loss), a balance sheet and a cash flow statement. Although these three financial statements differ by different functions each of them performs, they closely depend on one another. For instance, an income statement hinges upon a balance†¦show more content†¦It always puts Assets on the left side or on the top, with capital and liabilities on the right side or the bottom. Balance sheet must always comply with the formula below: Assets = Liabilities + Capital Income statement Income statement is also called Profit and Loss. While it has some influence on Assets, Liabilities, and Capital, it only includes Sales, Costs, Expenses, and Profit. Income statement shows the information on the flow of transactions over some specified period of time like a month, a quarter, a year, or even several years. In other words, income statement provides information regarding the revenue earned by the company within a specified period of time. To be more forward, income statement demonstrates inflows and outflows of assets, where inflows are revenues and outflows are expenses. An excess of inflows over outflows is net income, whereas an excess of outflows over inflows is named as net loss. 3 Sales – Cost of Sales (or COGS, Cost of Goods Sold, or Direct Costs) = Gross Margin Gross margin – Expenses = Profits 3 2 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-financial-statements.htm 3 http://planasyougo.com/the-three-main-statements 4http://www.fool.com/investing/beginning/how-to-value-stocks-how-to-read-a-balance-sheet.aspx Cash Flow What isShow MoreRelatedAccounting Is The Language Of Business1286 Words   |  6 PagesAccounting is a major that teaches the language of business, it opens doors to the business world all over the globe, the possibilities with a accounting major is endless in the business field. Whether you want to run your own business or become a certified public accountant majoring in accounting gives you the establishment. A major plus in having a career in business is the flexibility it offers. Many businessmen can make their own hours and handle their business at the comfort of their own homeRead MoreAccounting Software For A Business Essay1257 Words   |  6 PagesIndividual Assignment Name: Altaf Gohar Roll no: EAB2389 Accounting Software/Packages used in Australia Accounting  is referred as an art of collecting, classifying, and manipulating financial data for organizations and individuals.  It  is also used to determine financial stability or financial health of organizations. Accounting is the language of business and figures and is widely used as a means of communication for financial world, without it businesses cannot survive. It is important becauseRead MoreBusiness Environment : The World Of Accounting1227 Words   |  5 Pages=The Business Environment= Before we can dive into the world of accounting, we first need to understand the world of business. A business is a formal economic entity that essentially provides goods and services for money. Businesses can range from tiny mom and pop businesses to multinational corporations which operate in multiple countries. Of critical importance to these businesses is the ability to make efficient and effective resource allocation decisions. Essentially, the modern business environmentRead MoreBusiness Analysis : Management Accounting1289 Words   |  6 Pages(2013) defined that stakeholder is a general term to indicate all those who might have a legitimate interest in receiving financial information about a business because they have a ‘stake’ in it. All stakeholders must need accounting information to help them making better decision. Most of the businesses have provided different sort of accounting information like balance sheet and income statement. However, no all the stake holders need the same information and the purpose is different. ThereforeRead MoreBusiness Is Tax And Accounting Services1134 Words   |  5 Pages1.0. Executive Summary A family accounting firm based in the US. SamPet Financial Services was founded by Mrs. Petrolina Ofori-Mensah February 2015. Our main business is tax and accounting services. SamPet Financial Services serves the accounting and financial needs of businesses and individuals to enable them to realize their financial goals. SamPet is rich in the latest software and technologies and financial advice that will support our clients in making their financial choices. Our target marketRead MoreEthics Of Business And Accounting1361 Words   |  6 PagesEthics in Business and Accounting Ethics are not simply something, which is embodied an individual s conviction or considerations, yet that of what is best for a conglomeration or organization. Moral choices good to go are took care of ordinary, and generally conglomerations have a made set of principles to encourage manage administration to make the right choice. Moral choices are not dependably simple and may require some supposed as to the responses or effect of a choice. There are establishedRead MoreBusiness Accounting1117 Words   |  5 PagesMay 14, 2012 [ EXECUTIVE DIPLOMA] EXECUTIVE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Awarded by the Asia e University Assignment [Business Accounting] Submission due date : 23rd June 2012 by or before 5.30pm 1 May 14, 2012 [ EXECUTIVE DIPLOMA] Assignment Question Scenario You have been recruited to help your uncle’s family to set up and run a supermarket called ‘BeliMurah Mart’ in Petaling Jaya. In the past, they had set up and managed smaller scale businesses, butRead MoreBusiness Accounting1359 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 5 Business Accounting P5 Introduction In this assignment I will be using the profit and loss accounts and balance sheet for SIGNature s business to work out the Profitability, Liquidity and Efficiency Ratios. Profitability Gross profit Percentage sales Gross Profit Sales Turnover Ãâ€"100 244200 444000 Ãâ€"100=53% Net Profit Percentage Net ProfitSales turnoverÃâ€"100 73960444000Ãâ€"100=16.66% Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) Net Profit before interest and taxCapital EmployedÃâ€"100 73960149160Ãâ€"100=49Read MoreRelationship Between Business And Finance And Accounting779 Words   |  4 PagesIn the world-at-large, Finance and Accounting are often erroneously linked together. As if to say, they are one-and-the-same – a sort of a misnomer, you can say. In conversations concerning both disciplines, the colloquial marriage of both business sectors is as common place as light is to the day. It is true, that to successfully manage a business, both principles must be applied in equilibrium to replicate success in any organized venture; however, their differences are highlighted in trainingRead MoreAccounting For Business Coursework : Accounting3707 Words   |  15 PagesAccounting for Business Coursework: Introduction Accounting is the comprehensive way keeping track of all financial transactions pertaining in a firm. It is considered to being the language of most firms nowadays where they are found to communicate their performances to the externals. In addition to evaluating and examining their employees performances using the information conducted by the different financial statements and reports. Therefore, learning the language of accounting is bound to

Biography of the Scots Explorer Mungo Park

Mungo Park--a Scottish surgeon and explorer--was sent out by the Association for Promoting the Discovery of the Interior of Africa to discover the course of the River Niger. Having achieved a degree of fame from his first trip, carried out alone and on foot, he returned to Africa with a party of 40 Europeans, all of whom lost their lives in the adventure. Born: 1771, Foulshiels, Selkirk, ScotlandDied: 1806, Bussa Rapids, (now under the Kainji Reservoir, Nigeria) Early Life Mungo Park was born in 1771, near Selkirk in Scotland, the seventh child of a well-to-do farmer. He was apprenticed to a local surgeon and undertook medical studies in Edinburgh. With a medical diploma and a desire for fame and fortune, Park set off for London, and through his brother-in-law, William Dickson, a Covent Garden seedsman, he got his opportunity. An introduction to Sir Joseph Banks, a famed English botanist, and explorer who had circumnavigated the world with Captain James Cook. The Allure of Africa The Association for Promoting the Discovery of the Interior Parts of Africa, of which Banks was treasurer and unofficial director, had previously funded (for a pittance) the exploration of an Irish soldier, Major Daniel Houghton, based at Goree on the West African coast. Two important questions dominated discussions about the interior of West Africa in the drawing-room of the African Association: the exact site of the semi-mythical city of Timbuktu, and the course of the River Niger. Exploring the River Niger In 1795 the Association appointed Mungo Park to explore the course of the River Niger--until Houghton had reported that the Niger flowed from West to East, it was believed that the Niger was a tributary of either the river Senegal or Gambia. The Association wanted proof of the rivers course and to know where it finally emerged. Three current theories were: that it emptied into Lake Chad, that it curved round in a large arc to join the Zaire, or that it reached the coast at the Oil Rivers. Mungo Park set off from the River Gambia, with the aid of the Associations West African contact, Dr. Laidley who provided equipment, a guide, and acted as a postal service. Park started his journey dressed in European clothes, with an umbrella and a tall hat (where he kept his notes safe throughout the journey). He was accompanied by an ex-slave called Johnson who had returned from the West Indies, and a slave called Demba, who had been promised his freedom on completion of the journey. Parks Captivity Park knew little Arabic--he had with him two books, Richardsons Arabic Grammar and a copy of Houghtons journal. Houghtons journal, which he had read on the voyage to Africa served him well, and he was forewarned to hide his most valuable gear from the local tribesmen. At his first stop with the Bondou, Park was forced to give up his umbrella and his best blue coat. Shortly after, in his first encounter with the local Muslims, Park was taken prisoner. Parks Escape Demba was taken away and sold, Johnson was considered too old to be of value. After four months, and with Johnsons aid, Park finally managed to escape. He had a few belongings other than his hat and compass but refused to give up the expedition, even when Johnson refused to travel further. Relying on the kindness of African villagers, Park continued on his way to the Niger, reaching the river on 20 July 1796. Park traveled as far as Segu (Sà ©gou) before returning to the coast. and then to England. Success Back in Britain Park was an instant success, and the first edition of his book Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa sold out rapidly. His  £1000 royalties allowed him to settle in Selkirk and set up a medical practice (marrying Alice Anderson, the daughter of the surgeon to whom he had been apprenticed). Settled life soon bored him, however, and he looked for a new adventure--but only under the right conditions. Banks was offended when Park demanded a large sum to explore Australia for the Royal Society.​ Tragic Return to Africa Eventually in 1805 Banks and Park came to an arrangement--Park was to lead an expedition to follow the Niger to its end. His part consisted of 30 soldiers from the Royal Africa Corps garrisoned at Goree (they were offered extra pay and the promise of a discharge on return), plus officers including his brother-in-law Alexander Anderson, who agreed to join the trip) and four boat builders from Portsmouth who would construct a forty-foot boat when they reached the river. In all 40 Europeans traveled with Park. Against logic and advice, Mungo Park set off from the Gambia in the rainy season – within ten days his men were falling to dysentery. After five weeks one man was dead, seven mules lost and the expeditions baggage mostly destroyed by fire. Parks letters back to London made no mention of his problems. By the time the expedition reached Sandsanding on the Niger only eleven of the original 40 Europeans were still alive. The party rested for two months but the deaths continued. By November 19 only five of them remained alive (even Alexander Anderson was dead). Sending the native guide, Isaaco, back to Laidley with his journals, Park was determined to continue. Park, Lieutenant Martyn (who had become an alcoholic on native beer) and three soldiers set off downstream from Segu in a converted canoe, christened the HMS Joliba. Each man had fifteen muskets but little in the way of other supplies. When Isaaco reached Laidley in the Gambia news had already reached the coast of Parks death – coming under fire at the Bussa Rapids, after a journey of over 1 000 miles on the river, Park and his small party were drowned. Isaaco was sent back to discover the truth, but the only remains to be discovered was Mungo Parks munitions belt. The irony was that having avoided contact with local Muslims by keeping to the center of the river, they were in turn mistaken for Muslim raiders and shot at.